What is the proper technique for clearing a conscious patient's airway?

Encouraging a conscious patient to cough is the most appropriate technique for clearing their airway if they are able to do so. Coughing is a natural reflex designed to expel obstructions from the airway, making it an effective first step in addressing minor airway blockages. When a patient is conscious and can respond, promoting a cough allows them to use their own abilities to clear the obstruction, which is both a safe and effective method.

The other options involve more invasive or aggressive techniques that are typically reserved for patients who are either unable to cough or are at greater risk. For instance, suctioning is intended for patients who cannot clear their airway on their own and poses risks if used unnecessarily. Abdominal thrusts, while effective for severe choking situations in unconscious patients, could cause injury if used when the patient can cough. Back blows and chest thrusts are also aimed at those who cannot cough effectively and are not the first response for a conscious individual who can still generate a cough.

Thus, encouraging the patient to cough is not only a good practice but aligns with protocols that prioritize the patient's control in managing their airway under conscious circumstances.