A 2-year-old male is in respiratory failure when he has what symptoms?

In the case of a 2-year-old male experiencing respiratory failure, the symptoms of altered mental status and a breathing rate of 68 per minute are indicative of significant respiratory distress. Respiratory failure occurs when the body is unable to maintain adequate gas exchange, leading to decreased oxygen and increased carbon dioxide levels in the blood.

An altered mental status suggests that the child may not be receiving enough oxygen to the brain, which can be a direct result of respiratory failure. A breathing rate of 68 breaths per minute indicates an attempt to compensate for a decrease in oxygen levels or an increase in carbon dioxide in the body. Normal respiratory rates for toddlers are typically between 20 and 30 breaths per minute, so a rate of 68 is alarmingly high, signifying significant respiratory distress and potential failure.

The other symptoms listed in the alternatives may present under various conditions but do not pinpoint respiratory failure as effectively as the combination given in the correct answer. For example, limp muscle tone and weak or absent distal pulses can indicate severe circulatory issues or shock, while nasal flaring and mottled skin color suggest respiratory distress but not confirmed respiratory failure. A breathing rate of 6 per minute and a heart rate of 50 per minute suggest severe bradycard